Elementary use of language |
A1 |
A2 |
Can understand
and use familiar, everyday expressions and very simple sentences, which
relate to the satisfying of concrete needs. Can introduce him/herself
and others as well as ask others about themselves – e.g. where they
live, who they know and what they own – and can respond to questions of
this nature. Can communicate in a simple manner if the person they are
speaking to speaks slowly and clearly and is willing to help. |
Can understand
sentences and commonly used expressions associated with topics directly
related to his/her direct circumstances (e.g. personal information or
information about his/her family, shopping, work, immediate
surroundings). Can make him/herself understood in simple, routine
situations dealing with a simple and direct exchange of information on
familiar and common topics. Can describe his/her background and
education, immediate surroundings and other things associated with
immediate needs in a simple way. |
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Independent language use |
B1 |
B2 |
Can understand
the main points when clear, standard language is used and the focus is
on familiar topics associated with work, school, leisure time, etc. Can
deal with most situations typically encountered when travelling in the
language region. Can express him/herself simply and coherently regarding
familiar topics and areas of personal interest. Can report on
experiences and events, describe dreams, hopes and goals as well as make
short statements to justify or explain his/her own views and plans. |
Can understand
the main contents of complex texts on concrete and abstract topics; also
understands specialized discussions in his/her own primary area of
specialization. Can communicate so spontaneously and fluently that a
normal conversation with native speakers is easily possible without a
great deal of effort on either side. Can express him/herself on a wide
range of topics in a clear and detailed manner, explain his/her position
on a current issue and indicate the benefits and drawbacks of various
options. |
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Autonomous language ability |
C1 |
C2 |
Can understand a
wide range of challenging, longer texts and also grasp implicit
meanings. Can express him/herself spontaneously and fluently without
having to search for words frequently and noticeably. Can use the
language effectively and flexibly in his/her social and professional
life or in training and studies. Can make clear, structured and detailed
statements on complex topics and apply various means of text
association appropriately in the process. |
Can
effortlessly understand practically everything which he/she reads or
hears. Can summarize information from various written and spoken
sources, logically recounting the reasons and explanations. Can express
him/herself spontaneously with high fluency and precision and also make
finer nuances of meaning clear in more complex topics. |
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